Gambling is an activity where people bet something of value on a random event, with the intention of winning another item of value. It is classed as a form of addiction and is listed in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Problem gambling can have serious personal, social and family implications. It can also have a major impact on work and health.
Although most individuals enjoy gambling as a fun and exciting recreational activity, a small proportion of people become addicted to it. This behaviour is characterized by compulsive and uncontrollable urges to gamble. It affects a person’s ability to control their spending and can have a negative impact on their physical, emotional and professional life. It can also lead to self-harm, depression and suicide.
The compulsion to gamble can be caused by genetic and environmental factors. It can also result from certain medications, such as anti-depressants and some anti-psychotics, as well as drinking alcohol. It can also be triggered by stressful events and loss of self-control. The most common signs of problem gambling include persistent cravings, impaired judgement and denial of the need to stop. People may begin to spend more time and money gambling, despite increased financial difficulties or other commitments. They may also withdraw from friends and family, lose interest in previously enjoyed hobbies and experience difficulty at work.
People who engage in harmful gambling can often feel isolated and alone. It is important to seek support from family and friends, and try to maintain other activities that bring pleasure and satisfaction. Healthy eating, exercise and sufficient rest can all help. It is also a good idea to consider seeking therapeutic and financial advice.
Those who engage in problem gambling can be at risk of becoming homeless, bankrupt and even of committing murder or suicide. They can suffer from a range of health problems including depression, stress, stomach ulcers, migraines and distressing dreams. They are also more likely to be involved in abusive relationships and to have a strained relationship with their children.
The good news is that there are effective treatments for gambling addiction. These include behaviour therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). During the latter, patients learn to challenge their thoughts and beliefs about gambling and how it is affecting their lives. They also receive guidance on developing better coping strategies and learning healthier ways of dealing with stress. In addition, some gambling addiction treatment programs offer group and individual therapy to reduce the isolation associated with problem gambling. In addition, they learn to recognise and cope with the triggers that can cause them to relapse. This is vitally important as relapses can be devastating to those affected.